Exhaled breath analysis in patients with potentially curative lung cancer undergoing surgery: a longitudinal study
Jonas Herth, Felix Schmidt, Sarah Basler, Noriane A Sievi and Malcolm Kohler
Exhaled breath analysis has emerged as a non-invasive and promising method for early detection of lung cancer, offering a novel approach for diagnosis through the identification of specific biomarkers present in a patient's breath…
Exhalomics as a noninvasive method for assessing rumen fermentationin dairy cows: Can exhaled-breath metabolomics replace rumen sampling?
M. Z. Islam, S. E. Räisänen, A. Schudel, K. Wang, T. He, C. Kunz, Y. Li, X. Ma, A. M. Serviento, Z. Zeng, F. Wahl, R. Zenobi, S. Giannoukos, and M. Niu.
Previously, we used secondary electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry (SESI-MS) to investigate the diurnal patterns and signal intensities of exhaled (EX) volatile fatty acids (VFA) of dairy cows. The current study aimed to validate the potential of an exhalomics approach for evaluating rumen fermentation. The experiment was conducted in a switchback design, with 3 periods of 9 d each, including 7 d for adaptation and 2 d for sampling. Four rumen-cannulated original Swiss Brown (Braunvieh) cows were randomly assigned to 1 of 2 diet sequences (ABA or BAB): (A) low starch (LS; 6.31% starch on a dry matter basis) and (B) high starch (HS; 16.2% starch on a dry matter basis). Feeding was once per day at 0830 h. Exhalome (with the GreenFeed System), and rumen samples were collected 8 times to represent every 3 h of a day, and EX-VFA and ruminal (RM)-VFA were analyzed using SESI-MS and HPLC, respectively. Furthermore, the VFA concentration in the gas phase (HR-VFA) was predicted based on RMVFA and Henry’s Law (HR) constants….
Metabolic trajectories of diabetic ketoacidosis onset described by breath analysis
Mo Awchi, Kapil Dev Singh, Sara Bachmann Brenner, Marie-Anne Burckhardt, Melanie Hess, Jiafa Zeng, Alexandre N Datta, Urs Frey, Urs Zumsteg, Gabor Szinnai, Pablo Sinues
Purpose: This feasibility study aimed to investigate the use of exhaled breath analysis to capture and quantify relative changes of metabolites during resolution of acute diabetic ketoacidosis under insulin and rehydration therapy…
Alternative electrolyte solutions for untargeted breath metabolomics using secondary-electrospray ionization high-resolution mass spectrometry
Cedric Wüthrich, Renato Zenobi, Stamatios Giannoukos
Rationale
Secondary-electrospray ionization (SESI) coupled with high-resolution mass spectrometry is a powerful tool for the discovery of biomarkers in exhaled breath. A primary electrospray consisting of aqueous formic acid (FA) is currently used to charge the volatile organic compounds in breath. To investigate whether alternate electrospray compositions could enable different metabolite coverage and sensitivities, the electrospray dopants NaI and AgNO3 were tested….
Systematic Study of Polymer Gas Sampling Bags for Offline Analysis of Exhaled Breath
Mateusz Fido, Simone Hersberger, Andreas Güntner, Renato Zenobi, Stamatios Giannoukos
Polymeric bags are a widely applied, simple, and cost-effective method for the storage and offline analysis of gaseous samples. Various materials have been used as sampling bags, all known to contain impurities and differing in their cost, durability, and storage capabilities. Herein, we present a comparative study of several well-known bag materials...
Data Collection of" Alternative Electrolyte Solutions for Untargeted Breath Metabolomics with Secondary-Electrospray Ionization High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry"
Cedric Wüthrich, Renato Zenobi, Stamatios Giannoukos
The mass spectrometer used in this study was an Orbitrap Q-Exactive Plus (Thermo Scientific) operated with the manufacturer’s standard control software (ExactiveTune, version 2.9, Thermo Scientific) and Xcalibur (version 4.1. 31.9, Thermo Scientific). Mass calibration was done according to the instrument manual and was always more recent than seven days according to specifications…
Advances in secondary electrospray ionization for breath analysis and volatilomics
Stamatios Giannoukos, Cedric Wüthrich
The measurement of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) originating from organisms allows continuous monitoring and a unique insight into the metabolism. One method offering the sensitivity to detect these VOCs is secondary electrospray ionization coupled to high-resolution mass spectrometry (SESI-HRMS). SESI was derived from electrospray ionization (ESI) and has found widespread application in clinical research and monitoring of animals. This review discusses the technical aspects behind SESI, the advancements, and the technical hurdles faced. Additionally, the recent advances in the applications of SESI in human and animal-centered research are presented.
Preservation of exhaled breath samples for analysis by off-line SESI-HRMS: proof-of-concept study
Rosa A Sola-Martínez, Jiafa Zeng, Mo Awchi, Amanda Gisler, Kim Arnold, Kapil Dev Singh, Urs Frey, Manuel Cánovas Díaz, Teresa de Diego Puente, Pablo Sinues
Secondary electrospray ionization-high resolution mass spectrometry (SESI-HRMS) is an established technique in the field of breath analysis characterized by its short analysis time, as well as high levels of sensitivity and selectivity. Traditionally, SESI-HRMS has been used for real-time breath analysis, which requires subjects to be at the location of the analytical platform. Therefore, it limits the possibilities for an introduction of this methodology in day-to-day clinical practice. However, recent methodological developments have shown feasibility on the remote sampling of exhaled breath in Nalophan® bags prior to measurement using SESI-HRMS…
Secondary-Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry-Based Online Analyses of Mouse Volatilome Uncover Gut Microbiome-Dictated Metabolic Changes in the Host
Fouad Choueiry, Andrew Gold, Rui Xu, Shiqi Zhang and Jiangjiang Zhu.
The symbiotic relationship between the gut microbial population is capable of regulating numerous aspects of host physiology, including metabolism. Bacteria can modulate the metabolic processes of the host by feeding on nutritional components within the lumen and releasing bioactive components into circulation. Endogenous volatile organic compound (VOC) synthesis is dependent on the availability of precursors found in mammalian metabolism
Prediction of systemic free and total valproic acid by off-line analysis of exhaled breath in epileptic children and adolescents
Mo Awchi, Kapil Dev Singh, Patricia E Dill, Urs Frey, Alexandre N Datta, and Pablo Sinues.
Therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) of medications with a narrow therapeutic window is a common clinical practice to minimize toxic effects and maximize clinical outcomes. Routine analyses rely on the quantification of systemic blood concentrations of drugs. Alternative matrices such as exhaled breath are appealing because of their inherent non-invasive nature. This is especially the case for pediatric patients. We have recently
Direct Mass Spectrometric Analysis of Exhaled Breath: Advances towards Clinical Application
Bettina Streckenbach
Metabolomics, or the comprehensive study of metabolites and involved processes, provides insights into the current physiological state of humans. In the clinical setting, the detection and quantification of specific metabolites has proven to be invaluable in diagnostic testing. Herein, body samples that are non-invasively accessible are of particular interest…
Exhaled volatile fatty acids, ruminal methane emission and their diurnal patterns in lactating dairy cows
M.Z. Islam, S. Giannoukos, Räisänen, K. Wang, X. Ma, F. Wahl, R. Zenobi, M. Niu.
To date, the commonly used methods to assess rumen fermentation are invasive. Exhaled breath contains hundreds of volatile organic compounds (VOC) that can reflect animal physiological processes. In the present study, for the first time, we aimed to use a non-invasive metabolomics approach based on high-resolution mass spectrometry to identify rumen fermentation parameters in dairy cows
Online breath analysis with SESI/HRMS for metabolic signatures in children with allergic asthma
Ronja Weber, Bettina Streckenbach, Lara Welti, Demet Inci, Malcolm Kohler, Nathan Perkins, Renato Zenobi, Srdjan Micic , and Alexander Moeller.
There is a need to improve the diagnosis and management of pediatric asthma. Breath analysis aims to address this by non-invasively assessing altered metabolism and disease-associated processes.
A gas-phase standard delivery system for direct breath analysis.
Bettina Streckenbach, Justinas Sakas, Nathan Perkins, Malcolm Kohler, Alexander Moeller and Renato Zenobi.
Applications for direct breath analysis by mass spectrometry (MS) are rapidly expanding. One of the more recent mass spectrometry-based approaches is secondary electrospray ionization coupled to high-resolution mass spectrometry (SESI-HRMS). Despite increasing usage, the SESI methodology still lacks standardization procedures for quality control and absolute quantification.
Analysis of volatile short-chain fatty acids in the gas phase using secondary electrospray ionization coupled to mass spectrometry
Cedric Wüthrich, Zhiyuan Fan, Guy Vergères, Fabian Wahl, Renato Zenobi and Stamatios Giannoukos.s
Quantification of metabolites present within exhaled breath is a major challenge for on-line breath analysis. It is also important for gauging the analytical performance, accuracy, reproducibility, reliability, and stability of the measuring technology. Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) are of high interest for nutrition and health.
An interoperability framework for multicentric breath metabolomic studies
Amanda Gisler, Kapil Dev Singh, Jiafa Zeng, Martin Osswald, Mo Awchi, Fabienne Decrue, Felix Schmidt, Noriane A. Sievi, Xing Chen, Jakob Usemann, Urs Frey, Malcolm Kohler, Xue Li, Pablo Sinues
Exhaled breath contains valuable information at the molecular level and offers promising potential for precision medicine. However, few breath tests transition to routine clinical practice, partly because of the missing validation in multicenter trials. Therefore, we developed and applied an interoperability framework for standardized multicenter data acquisition and processing for breath analysis with secondary electrospray ionization-high resolution mass spectrometry.
Effects of a Volatile Organic Compound Filter on Breath Profiles Measured by Secondary Electrospray High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry
Ronja Weber, Jérôme Kaeslin, Sophia Moeller, Nathan Perkins, Srdjan Micic, and Alexander Moeller.
Environmental volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from the ambient air potentially influence on-line breath analysis measurements by secondary electrospray ionization high-resolution mass spectrometry (SESI-HRMS). The aim of this study was to investigate how inhaling through a VOC filter affects the detected breath profiles and whether it is feasible to integrate such filters into routine measurements..
Real-Time Chemical Characterization of Aerosols by Secondary Electrospray Ionization Coupled with High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry
T. Zivkovic Semren*, S. Majeed, M. Fatarova, C. Laszlo, C. Pak, S. Steiner, G. Vidal, A. Kuczaj, A. Mazurov, M. C. Peitsch, N. V. Ivanov, J. Hoeng, P. A. Guy
Inhalation as a route for administering drugs and dietary supplements has garnered significant attention over the last decade. We performed real-time analysis of aerosols using secondary electrospray ionization (SESI) technology interfaced with high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS)
Asthma in one breath: metabolic signatures for allergic asthma in children by real-time breath analysis
R Weber, B Streckenbach, J Kaeslin, L Welti, D Inci, N Perkins, R Zenobi, S Micic, A Möller.
We hypothesized that the breath of children with allergic asthma contains a unique signature of disease specific metabolites. Using secondary electrospray ionization high-resolution mass spectrometry (SESI-HRMS), we aimed to identify relevant VOCs to assess underlying interconnections between biomarkers belonging to common metabolic pathways in the pathophysiology of asthma.
Severe Obstructive Sleep Apnea Disrupts Vigilance-State-Dependent Metabolism
Felix Schmidt, Nora Nowak, Patrick Baumgartner, Thomas Gaisl, Stefan Malesevic, Bettina Streckenbach, Noriane A. Sievi, Esther I. Schwarz, Renato Zenobi, Steven A. Brown, and Malcolm Kohler.
The direct pathophysiological effects of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) have been well described. However, the systemic and metabolic consequences of OSA are less well understood.